Matodzi G Sikhwari (580-596)

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Curriculum adaptation for educational access in South African primary schools affected by gender-based violence and conflict: a literature review

Matodzi G Sikhwari

Department of Early Childhood Education, , Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, South Africa

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4434-7338

Abstract

This article explores how adapting the school curriculum can help reduce the impact of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) on education in conflict-affected primary schools in South Africa. GBV is a major challenge that disrupts learning, making it essential to integrate prevention and support strategies into school programs. Grounded in feminist theory, anti-oppressive education, and conflict-sensitive education as a foundation, this study follows a qualitative approach and relies on a literature review methodology. It analyses secondary sources, including peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and educational reports, through thematic analysis. The findings show that GBV leads to trauma, absenteeism, disengagement, and poor academic performance among learners. The current curriculum does not adequately address GBV, leaving teachers without proper guidance to support affected students. The study highlights the importance of a gender-responsive curriculum that includes GBV awareness, social-emotional learning, and trauma-informed teaching. Training programs are necessary to equip teachers with the skills to assist learners in high-GBV environments. Ethical considerations ensured the responsible use of secondary data. The study emphasises the need for collaboration among policymakers, educators, and communities to incorporate GBV prevention into the curriculum. This approach can improve learner safety, enhance access to education, and promote gender equality in conflict-affected schools.

Keywords: Conflict-sensitive education; curriculum adaptation; educational access; gender-based violence; primary education

How to cite this article: Sikhwari, M.G. (2025). Curriculum adaptation for educational access in South African primary schools affected by gender-based violence and conflict: a literature review. African Perspectives of Research in Teaching and Learning, 9(5), 580-596.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.70875/v9i5article8